Masih melanjutkan seri belajar bahasa inggris dalam pembahasan grammar, kali ini kita akan belajar Abstract noun. Abstract noun adalah kata benda yang tidak berwujud, tidak dapat dilihat atau diraba tapi dapat dibayangkan. Misalnya : government, association, application, confidence, containt, kindness, friendship, brotherhood, etc. Kata benda abstrak dapat dibentuk dari kata kerja (verb), kata sifat (adjective), dan kata benda itu sendiri (noun).
Berasal dari kata kerja :
- Menambahkan akhiran -ment, misalnya : appoint – appointment, agree – aggrement, amploy – employment, judge – judgement, manage – management, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ion, misalnya : associate – association, correct – correction, congratulate – congratulation, nominate – nomination, promote – promotion, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ation, -cation, -ition, misalnya : apply – application, compose – composition, classify – classification, resign – resignation, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ance, -ence, misalnya : differ – difference, enter – enterance, appear – appearance, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -t, misalnya : complain -complaint, deceive – deceit, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -y, misalnya : deliver – delivery, injure – injury, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -er, -ar, -or, -ist, -ant, -int, misalnya : beg – beggar, compose – composer, dance – dancer, direct – director, drive – driver, dust – duster, farm – farmer, garden – gardener, lead – leader, manage – manager, play – player, serve – servant, type – typist, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -al, misalnya : arrive – arrival, aprove – approval, propose – proposal, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -age, misalnya : marry – marriage, carry – carriage, pack – package, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ery, -ary, misalnya : bribe – bribery, rob – robbery, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ure, -ture, -ature, misalnya : furnish – furniture, please – pleasure, sign -signature, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ing, misalnya : begin – beginning, build – building, meet – meeting, read – reading, sing – singing, swim – swimming, train – training, etc.
- Tidak mengalamai perubahan, misalnya : brush, bath, change, call, drink, desire, debate, help, hope, love, work, walk, etc.
Berasal dari kata sifat :
- Menambahkan akhiran -ness, misalnya : kind – kindness, sick – sickness, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -ty, ity, -y, misalnya : beautiful – beauty, honest – honesty, opportune – opportunity, cruel – cruelty, etc.
- Mengganti akhiran -t dengan -ce atau -cy, misalnya : distant – distance, patient – patiance, efficient – efficiency, etc.
Berasal dari kata benda :
- Menambahkan akhiran -ship, misalnya friend – friendship, champion – championship, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -hood, misalnya brother – brotherhood, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -cy, misalnya agent – agency, bankrupt – bankrupcy, etc.
- Menambahkan akhiran -an atau ian, misalnya library – librarian, Indonesia – Indonesian, music – musician, etc.
Tidak menurut aturan di atas :
Misalnya : high – height, long – lenght, ambitious – ambition, live – life, know – knowledge, laugh – laughter, etc.
Contoh dalam kalimat :
- Knowledge is power
- He is a famous musician in the world
- Our company has many agencies
- Our brotherhood must be perpetual
- We have to promote our friendship
- What is done in a patience, is often done well
- Opportunity is best time
- Thank you very much your kindness
- A good hope is a good idea
- Singing makes me happy
- It’s pleasure to meet you
- I’ll get my package before going
- He want to chage his appointment
(Sumber : Buku Standard English Grammar – CV. Bintang Pelajar)
